Cis-IUL research engages in (a) the empirically-based development of theories and models and (b) the application of such theories to the analysis and solution of social, political and economic problems of Portuguese and European societies. Cis-IUL reaches out to society at three main levels: policymakers, community, and the entrepreneurial world. The topics researched by the research group members "Community, Education and Development” (CED) in this proposal include: